Among all human cancers, skin cancer is the most common one. According to studies, more than one million people in the country are diagnosed each year with some kind of disease. In general, cancer occurs when normal cells undergo a transformation and grow rapidly and multiply without any control. Our skin is made of a variety of cells. Many of these cells are in constant motion. The round basal cells which are found below the surface get flattened as they rise to replace dead and flaking squamous cells on the surface. On the other hand, melanocytes tan the skin in the sunlight, and Merkel cells offer the ability to the skin to sense touch. When these cells get damaged, they may lead to skin cancer. Based on its symptoms, skin cancer is categorized into different types of skin cancer. If you are suffering from any kind of skin cancer symptoms, below is a list of the different types of skin cancer you need to be well versed with. Basal cell carcinoma More than 80 percent of the skin cancer diagnosed each year are basal cell carcinoma. Basal cell carcinoma develops within the basal cell layer of the skin. It is the lowest part of the epidermis.

Nasal polyps are painless and noncancerous growths on the lining of the nasal passage or sinuses. They are tear-drop or grape shaped. They are mostly painless in nature. Small polyps don’t show any symptoms; however, larger ones can obstruct the nasal passage and lead to breathing problems, a loss of the sense of smell and frequent infections. Commonly, they occur in the area where the upper sinuses drain into your nose (the point where the eyes, nose, and cheekbones meet). The exact cause is still unknown; however, some of the causes could be the following: Aspirin Sensitivity People allergic to aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prone to develop nasal polyps. Age Anyone can get nasal polyps, but it is most commonly found in adults, over the age of 40. Children under the age of 10 rarely suffer from nasal polyps. Men are twice as likely to get affected with nasal polyps than women. Genetics In some cases, genetics plays a major role in the occurrence of nasal polyps. This may be due to the way the genes cause the mucosa to react to inflammation. Individuals whose parents have had polyps are at a higher risk of having them. Asthma Studies show patients with asthma are more likely to have nasal polyps.

Lymphoma is a type of cancer that begins in the infection-fighting cells of the immune system. These cells or lymphocytes are present in the spleen, lymph nodes, thymus, bone marrow, and other parts of the body. In people with lymphoma, the lymphocytes change, grow out of control, and cause genetic changes that lead to cancer. The common symptoms of the condition are fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, sudden weight loss, unexplained pain or swelling, difficulty in breathing, itchy skin, and night sweats and chills. It is important to keep in mind that not everyone has all these symptoms and the signs vary from case to case. The different types of lymphoma involve different types of lymphocyte cells. Each type grows at a varied rate and requires immediate treatment. The condition is treatable if discovered at an early stage as treatment depends on the type and the stage of the illness. The two main types of lymphoma are Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s. Hodgkin’s lymphoma: This type is the cancer of the immune system. It is identified by the presence of Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells in the body. In people with Hodgkin’s lymphoma, cancer moves from one lymph node to the other and spreads.

Multiple myeloma is a type of cancer that affects the white blood cells in the bone marrow. Its plasma cells are responsible for making antibodies and consequently, are an integral part of the body’s immune system. If there is a build-up of plasma cells in the bone marrow, which leads to tumor formation in the bones, it means one is suffering from multiple myeloma. Cancer grows in the marrow within the bones of the pelvis, spine, skull, shoulders, rib cage, and hips. These cells damage or weaken the bones depending upon the different stages of multiple myeloma, which are discussed below. Different stages of multiple myeloma Stage I Many patients who are suffering from Stage I of myeloma do not show any symptoms because the cancer cells are localized. If cancer affects the functioning of the kidney, then the condition might become worse and show obvious symptoms irrespective of the stage. Stage II At this stage, cancer still has better chances of being cured than later on in the condition. The number of cancerous cells in the body increase but the condition hasn’t progressed enough to be classified as stage III. Stage III In this stage, the presence of cancerous cells in the body is high and the patients are likely to suffer from advanced bone damage, high levels of M protein in the blood or urine, and hypercalcemia.

Hemophilia is a blood disorder that causes a person to bleed more than usual. In normal conditions, there are proteins called clotting factors that work with the platelets to stop bleeding at the site of an injury. People with hemophilia produce lesser amounts of Factor VIII or Factor IX, which makes them bleed more and longer after an injury. They are susceptible to internal bleeding, which becomes fatal if it occurs in vital organs like brain. Although the disease is most common for males, females can suffer from it too. In females, either both the X chromosomes are affected, or she is a carrier of hemophilia with one affected X chromosome. The symptoms and treatment of hemophilia in women are a bit different from that of men, as discussed in detail here. Menorrhagia is caused by hemophilia in women Some women have unusually heavy menstrual bleeding, and this seems to be a result of a blood disorder. Heavy and prolonged bleeding is the most common symptom of the disease and when this happens throughout a woman’s period, it is referred to as menorrhagia. This can, in itself, be a painful condition, and it is accompanied by chronic fatigue, severe menstrual pain, mood changes and so on.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) in children is also known as Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension (PH). This is a disorder in which there is high blood pressure on the pulmonary arteries (arteries in the lungs). PAH is a progressive disease, as the pulmonary arteries continue to shrink, it makes the right side of the heart work harder. The extra work can cause heart failure. Symptoms and causes of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension are so similar to other childhood conditions that evaluation and detection are often delayed. Here are some of the causes of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Diseases In some diseases, the blood flow out of the heart to the body is affected and results in the backflow of blood. This eventually raises the pulmonary venous pressures leading to pulmonary hypertension. Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction In this process, the lung vessels narrow in an attempt to divert blood from poorly functioning segments of the lung. Gradually, the blood has low oxygen levels and this causes tightening of the vessels and raises the pressure. Remodeling of Blood Vessels In some diseases, the inner lining of the blood vessel narrows due to the inappropriate growth of tissues in and around the vessel, which increases the pressure on the arteries.

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer, making it slightly easier to detect than other types of the condition. The initial sign of the disease is a new spot on the skin, which can change its shape, size, or color with time. It is the most serious type of skin cancer and needs to be detected at the earliest for the best chances of survival. The prevention, symptoms, and methods of treatment of melanoma should be studied thoroughly if one believes they may have this condition. Individuals must consult medical professionals instead of attempting to self-diagnose. Melanoma can develop anywhere on the body. The areas of the body that are more commonly exposed to the sun like arms, face, or back are more likely to be affected by this disease. Some of the signs of melanoma and places where it can develop are as follows: Unusual moles The moles with irregular shapes, borders, and colors can be a sign of this cancer. If the mole is changing over time or has increased in diameter then one should consult some doctor. New, unusual moles on the body must also be taken note of. Spots under the nail When asking about the symptoms of melanoma, the doctor will let individuals know what to look for.

Types of Anemia That Can Occur During Pregnancy Anemia is a condition in which the blood has few red blood cells that help carry oxygen to the tissues in the body. Anemia can affect anyone but most commonly affects pregnant women. When you are expecting, your baby is in need of your blood too and that is why, the consequences of anemia can be far-reaching, if not treated immediately. The major symptoms of anemia include pale skin, lips and under-eye region, fatigue, dizziness and so on. However, there are some main types of anemia that typically occur during pregnancy, because of the changes in the body and the needs of the baby. Here is a list of these in detail. Anemia of Pregnancy Anemia is quite common during pregnancy and it is induced by the pregnancy itself. Women who are carrying twins, have conceived frequently or are suffering from some chronic disease are more likely to be affected by this type of anemia. Also, even under normal circumstances, the volume of blood increases during pregnancy, necessitating more iron and vitamins to make more red blood cells. It is usually not considered abnormal unless the red blood cell count drops very low.

People with the perfect vision may also experience difficulty focusing on objects and seeing clearly as they age. There are several types of eye conditions that may occur with age. While some of them can be cured, others can only be managed so that they do not worsen. Some of the main types of eye conditions associated with aging are: Presbyopia One of the main types of eye conditions that affect a person as they age, this refers to the inability to focus on objects close to the eye. Presbyopia develops slowly and is usually noticeable only after the age of 40. Floaters Floaters refer to small specks that float across one’s vision, and they are more noticeable in a bright space. They are not a cause of concern by themselves but may also be symptoms of conditions like retinal detachment. Dry eyes This condition can be described as an itching, burning, and uncomfortable sensation in the eyes due to the inability of the eye to produce sufficient tears. It may also cause a loss of vision, and surgery may be needed to treat the condition in some cases. Cataracts Cataracts are one of the main types of eye conditions caused by aging.

When abnormal cells in ovaries begin to multiply and take the form of a tumor, the body is affected by ovarian cancer. It takes place in the ovaries. The female reproductive system contains two ovaries, each about the size of an almond, located on each side of the uterus. The ovaries have two female glands that produce ova and eggs. These organs also produce female hormones progesterone and estrogen. Ovarian cancer remains undetected until it affects the abdomen and the pelvic area. It is easier to treat the disease in its early stages if it is confined to the ovary. However, it is difficult once cancer spreads out. The two main treatments for ovarian cancer are surgery and chemotherapy. The early symptoms of ovarian cancer are similar to many common illnesses and therefore it is easy to overlook them. In case any of these symptoms persist over two weeks, a person should see a doctor. The early signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer include: Bloating Unexpected vaginal bleeding Changes in urination patterns Quickly feeling full after eating Changes in bowel habits such as constipation Abdominal pain and Back pain Discomfort in the pelvic area Weight loss Other symptoms of the disease include fatigue, painful intercourse, menstrual irregularities, indigestion, heartburn and dermatomyositis (a rare swelling that can cause skin itches, rashes, muscle weakness, and inflamed muscles).